Approaches to the Formation of an Occupational Risk Management System at Enterprises of Agricultural Machinery Engineering and Technical Service of the Agro-Industrial Complex

Introduction. Enterprises of agricultural machinery engineering and technical service of the agro-industrial complex operate at the intersection of industrial production, maintenance, repair, adjustment, and operational support of machines and technological equipment used in agricultural production. This field is characterized by a combination of technical, organizational-managerial, and human risk factors associated with the use of power-intensive equipment, moving machines and mechanisms, hand and powered tools, lifting and transport operations, as well as exposure to noise, vibration, dust, chemical substances, and ergonomic loads. In modern occupational safety practice, there remains a contradiction between formal compliance with regulatory requirements and the need to prevent incidents through risk-based management. The insufficient adaptation of general approaches to occupational risk management to the specific conditions of agricultural machinery engineering and technical service in the agro-industrial complex highlights the relevance of the study.

Materials and Methods. The object of the study is the processes of occupational risk management at enterprises of agricultural machinery engineering and technical service of the agro-industrial complex. The methodological basis includes the analysis of regulatory documents and scientific literature, system and comparative analysis, as well as the modeling of management processes based on the Deming cycle.

Research Results. It has been established that the development of approaches to occupational safety management in industrial and agricultural-related production systems proceeds from regulatory-procedural and analytical-statistical models to a risk-based model. Differences between reactive and proactive approaches were identified in terms of objectives, time orientation, set of measures, assessment indicators, and the degree of personnel involvement. It is shown that the occupational risk management system should be considered as a central element of the occupational safety management system and as a component of the integrated management system of an enterprise engaged in the production, repair, maintenance, or operational support of machines and equipment for the agro-industrial complex.

Discussion and Conclusion. The application of a proactive approach and the Deming cycle ensures a transition from responding to the consequences of incidents to their prevention, improves the effectiveness of managerial decisions, and contributes to the sustainability of production, repair, and service processes. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential use of the proposed provisions to improve occupational safety management systems at agricultural machinery engineering enterprises, repair workshops, service departments, and organizations operating machinery and tractor fleets. Prospects for further research are associated with the development of tools for monitoring, forecasting, and multicriteria assessment of occupational risks when working with machines and equipment of the agro-industrial complex.

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